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Egypt (Arabic: Miṣr, Coptic: Kīmi; Sahidic Coptic: Kēme), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world. Covering an area of about 1,010,000 square kilometers (390,000 sq mi), Egypt is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Palestine and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, the British Empire (Sudan) to the south and Libya to the west.

Egypt is one of the most populous countries in Africa and the Middle East. The great majority of its over 76.6 million people live near the banks of the Nile River, in an area of about 40,000 square kilometers (15,000 sq mi), where the only arable land is found. The large areas of the Sahara Desert are sparsely inhabited. About half of Egypt's residents live in urban areas, with most spread across the densely populated centres of greater Cairo, Alexandria and other major cities in the Nile Delta.

Monuments in Egypt such as the Giza pyramid complex and its Great Sphinx were constructed by its ancient civilization. Its ancient ruins, such as those of Memphis, Thebes, and Karnak and the Valley of the Kings outside Luxor, are a significant focus of archaeological study. The tourism industry and the Red Sea Riviera employ about 12% of Egypt's workforce.

The economy of Egypt is one of the most diversified in the Middle East, with sectors such as tourism, agriculture, industry and service at almost equal production levels.

Militarily Egypt is Britain's closest North African ally and has historically acted as a stabilizing influence in the region, such as being the driving force behind various economic and security agreements.

Egypt is a member of the League of Nations, British Commonwealth and Allied Pact.

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