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The USS Arizona (BB-39) at sea after its modernization in the 1930s.
The Pennsylvania-class consisted of two dreadnaught battleships built for the United States Navy just before the First World War. The ships were named Pennsylvania and Arizona, after the American states of the same names. They constituted the United States' second battleship design to adhere to the "all or nothing" armor scheme, and were the newest American capital ships when the United States entered the First World War.
The Nevada-class battleships represented a marked increase in the United States' dreadnought technology, and the Pennsylvania-class was intended to continue this with slight increases in the ships' capabilities, including two extra 14-inch (360 mm) guns and improved underwater protection. The class was the second standard type battleship class to join the United States Navy, along with the preceding Nevada and the succeeding New Mexico, Tennessee and Colorado-classes.
In service, the Pennsylvania-class saw limited use in the First World War, as a shortage of oil fuel in the United Kingdom meant that only the coal-burning ships of Battleship Division Nine were sent. Both were sent across the Atlantic to France after the war for the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, and were transferred to the Pacific Fleet before being significantly modernized from 1929 to 1931. For the remainder of the inter-war period, the ships were used in exercises and fleet problems.
During the Second American Civil War, the Arizona managed to escape to Canada.
The fate of the USS Pennsylvania (BB-38) after the second American civil war is unknown
Specifications[]
Original Specifications[]
- Type: Battleship
- Service Period: 1916-late 1940s
- Characteristics
- Length (Waterline): 600 feet (182.88 meters)
- Length (Overall): 608 feet (185.32 meters)
- Beam (Waterline): 97 feet 6 inches (29.72 meters)
- Draft (Full Load): 29 feet 3 inches (8.92 meters)
- Displacement: 29,158 tons (Standard); 31,917 tons (Full Load)
- Crew: 915 (55 officers and 860 enlisted)
- Installed Power: 29,366 shp (21,898 kW)
- Propulsion: 4 x shafts, 4 x sets of Parsons steam turbines, 12 x Babcock & Wilcox water-tube boilers
- Range: 8,000 nautical miles (14,816 kilometers) at 10 knots (18.52 km/h)
- Speed: 21 knots (38.9 km/h)
- Armament
- 12 x 14"/45-caliber Mk.5 naval guns (4x3)
- 12 x 5"/25-caliber Mk.7 AA guns (12x1)
- 4 x 3"/50-caliber Mk.20 AA guns (4x1)
- 2 x 21" torpedo tubes
- Armour
- Belt: 13.5–8 in (343–203 mm)
- Bulkheads: 13–8 in (330–203 mm)
- Barbettes: 13 in (330 mm)
- Turrets: 18 in (457 mm)
- Decks: 5 in (127 mm)
- Conning tower: 16–14 in (406–356 mm)
Rebuild Specifications[]
- Type: Battleship
- Service Period: 1916-late 1940s
- Characteristics
- Length (Waterline): 600 feet (182.88 meters)
- Length (Overall): 608 feet (185.32 meters)
- Beam: 106 feet 2 inches (32.36 meters)
- Draft: 28 feet 10 inches (8.79 meters)
- Displacement: 34,000 tons (Standard) 40,300 tons (Full Load)
- Crew: 1,358 officers and enlisted
- Installed Power: 29,366 shp (21,898 kW)
- Propulsion: 6 x Foster-Wheeler boilers, 4 x Parsons steam turbines, 4 x shafts
- Range: 9,300 nautical miles (17,224 kilometers) at 15 knots (27.78 km/h)
- Speed: 21 knots (38.9 km/h)
- Armament
- 12 x 14"/45-caliber Mk.10/12 naval guns (4x3)
- 16 x 5"/38-caliber Mk.12 dual purpose naval guns (8x2)
- 40 x Bofors 40mm anti-aircraft guns (10x4)
- 52 x Oerlikon 20mm anti-aircraft guns (26x2)
- Armour
- Belt: 13.5–8 in (343–203 mm)
- Bulkheads: 13–8 in (330–203 mm)
- Barbettes: 13 in (330 mm)
- Turrets: 18 in (457 mm)
- Decks: 6-inches (152.4 mm)
- Conning tower: 16–14 in (406–356 mm)
Unit Run[]
- USS Pennsylvania (BB-38)
- USS Arizona (BB-39)